Exploring the Impact of Exercise on Pain Alleviation in Patients with Chronic Venous Disorders: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Exercise and Chronic Venous Disorders
Keywords:
Chronic venous insufficiency, Exercise, Pain, Varicose veinsAbstract
Background: Pain due to venous insufficiency can be crippling. Management of Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) with various exercise modalities have gained immense acknowledgement in recent decade. However, the conflicting reports and lack of quality evidence hinder informed decision making. The aim of this review is to overview and summarize the current literature to establish the role of exercise in managing pain symptoms in patients with CVI.
Methods: For comprehensive review search was made on the online databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane library and Web of Science. The outcome measure of interest was pain. Total 10 studies were included which were systematically analysed to determine the effectiveness of exercise in reducing pain in patients with CVI.
Results: The study was conducted on patients who had CVI without formation of ulcers with less than 3 CEAP (clinical, etiological, anatomical and pathophysiological) score. The significance of the exercise therapy was estimated by reduction in pain symptoms at the end of the protocol.
Conclusion: It was concluded after comprehensive review that therapeutic exercise has proven to be significantly effective in reducing pain in patients with CVI irrespective of type of exercise.
References
Chaudhry R, Miao JH, Rehman A. Physiology, cardiovascular. InStatPearls [Internet] 2022 Oct 16. StatPearls Publishing.
Davies AH. The seriousness of chronic venous disease: a review of real-world evidence. Advances in therapy. 2019 Mar 24;36(Suppl 1):5-12.
De Maeseneer MG, Kakkos SK, Aherne T, Baekgaard N, Black S, Blomgren L, Giannoukas A, Gohel M, de Graaf R, Hamel-Desnos C, Jawien A. Editor's choice–European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2022 clinical practice guidelines on the management of chronic venous disease of the lower limbs. European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. 2022 Feb 1;63(2):184-267.
Dalboh A, Alshehri NA, Alrafie AA, Bakri KA. Prevalence and awareness of varicose veins among teachers in Abha, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2020 Sep;9(9):4784.
Singh A, Zahra F. Chronic Venous Insufficiency. InStatPearls [Internet] 2022 Nov 9. StatPearls Publishing. Al Wahbi A. Dohaim Al, Shalaan Al, Malki Al, Jadeed Al. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Venous Disease among Females in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. World J Surg Surgical Res. 2021; 4. 2021;1278.
Matei SC, Dumitru CȘ, Radu D. Measuring the Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Venous Disease before and Short Term after Surgical Treatment—A Comparison between Different Open Surgical Procedures. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022 Dec 2;11(23):7171.
Branisteanu DE, Feodor T, Baila S, Mitea IA, Vittos O. Impact of chronic venous disease on quality of life: Results of vein alarm study. Experimental and therapeutic medicine. 2019 Feb 1;17(2):1091-6.
Millan SB, Gan R, Townsend PE. Venous ulcers: diagnosis and treatment. American family physician. 2019 Sep 1;100(5):298-305.
Meulendijks AM, Franssen WM, Schoonhoven L, Neumann HA. A scoping review on Chronic Venous Disease and the development of a Venous Leg Ulcer: The role of obesity and mobility. Journal of tissue viability. 2020 Aug 1;29(3):190-6.
Wittens CD, Davies AH, Bækgaard N, Broholm R, Cavezzi A, Chastanet S, de Wolf M, Eggen C, Giannoukas A, Gohel M, Kakkos S. Editor's choice–management of chronic venous disease: clinical practice guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS). European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. 2015 Jun 1;49(6):678-737.
Youn YJ, Lee J. Chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins of the lower extremities. The Korean journal of internal medicine. 2019 Mar;34(2):269.
Aslam MR, Muhammad Asif H, Ahmad K, Jabbar S, Hayee A, Sagheer MS, Rehman JU, Khalid S, Hashmi AS, Rajpoot SR, Sharif A. Global impact and contributing factors in varicose vein disease development. SAGE Open Medicine. 2022 Aug;10:20503121221118992.
Naci B, Ozyilmaz S, Aygutalp N, Demir R, Baltaci G, Yigit Z. Effects of Kinesio Taping and compression stockings on pain, edema, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic venous disease: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2020 Jun;34(6):783-93.
Raetz J, Wilson M, Collins K. Varicose veins: diagnosis and treatment. American family physician. 2019 Jun 1;99(11):682-8.
Chauhan, S., Patra, S., Singh, S.P. and Lakhani, J.D., 2023. Combined effect of yoga and naturopathy in uncomplicated varicose vein disease–a prospective randomized controlled trial. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 14(3), p.100718.
Aydin G, Yeldan I, Akgul A, Ipek G. Effects of inspiratory muscle training versus calf muscle training on quality of life, pain, venous function and activity in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders. 2022 Sep 1;10(5):1137-46.
Kamatchi K, NT RK. A Comparitive Study To Analyse The Effectiveness Of Aerobic Exercise Versus Buerger’s Exercise In Varicose Vein Among Security Guards. www. ijmaes. org
Yiğit S, Yamak B, Yamak D, Yakut Y, Usgu S. Impact of exercise training on fatigue, severity of nocturnal leg cramps, and sleep quality in chronic venous insufficiency. Turk J Vasc Surg. 2021;30(2):141-7.
Moses, S.L., 2021. A comparative study between aerobic exercise and onshore exercise on severity of pain and quality of life in women with varicose veins. www. ijmaes. org.
Gürdal Karakelle S, Ipek Y, Tulin O, Alpagut IU. The efficiency of exercise training in patients with venous insufficiency: a double blinded, randomized controlled trial. Phlebology. 2021 Jul;36(6):440-9.
Sharifi M, Bay RC, Karandish K, Emrani F, Snyder R, D'Silva S, Trial AT. The randomized, controlled ATLANTIS trial of aquatic therapy for chronic venous insufficiency. Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders. 2021 Jul 1;9(4):961-70.
Charsouei S, Sheghaghi N, Alvandfar D. A course of hydrotherapy exercises on varicose veins pain in postmenopausal women with multiple sclerosis. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2021 Nov 22;24(10):25-32.
Mallah F, )Zeinalzadeh M, Alvandfar D. Six weeks of lower limb exercise on pain, quality of life and muscle fatigue in women with gestational varicose veins. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2021 Oct 23;24(9):(P=0.001)10-5.
Dogru-Huzmeli E, Fansa I, Cetisli-Korkmaz N, Oznur-Karabicak G, Lale C, Gokcek O, Cam Y. Dancing: more than a therapy for patients with venous insufficiency. Vascular. 2020 Apr;28(2):189-95.
Silva JL, Lima Neta AG, Diniz NR, Leite JC. Effectiveness of therapeutic exercises for improving the quality of life of patients with chronic venous insufficiency: a systematic review. Jornal Vascular Brasileiro. 2021 Jun 16;20.
Orhurhu V, Chu R, Xie K, Kamanyi GN, Salisu B, Salisu-Orhurhu M, Urits I, Kaye RJ, Hasoon J, Viswanath O, Kaye AJ. Management of lower extremity pain from chronic venous insufficiency: a comprehensive review. Cardiology and Therapy. 2021 Jun;10:111-40.
Bissacco D, Mosti G, D’Oria M, Lomazzi C, Casana R, Morrison N, Caggiati A. Rationale and current evidence of aquatic exercise therapy in venous disease: A narrative review. Vascular. 2022 May 19:17085381221102783.
Smith D, Lane R, McGinnes R, O'Brien J, Johnston R, Bugeja L, Team V, Weller C. What is the effect of exercise on wound healing in patients with venous leg ulcers? A systematic review. International wound journal. 2018 Jun;15(3):441-53.
Wnuk B, Ziaja D, Buczek M, Ziaja K, Banyś M. Assessing the Effectiveness of Lower Limb Home Exercises with the Use of a Prototype Exercise Robot for Continuous Passive Movement in People with Tetraparesis in the Long-Term Follow-Up: a Preliminary Report. Medical Rehabilitation/Rehabilitacja Medyczna. 2023 Jan 1;27(1).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Fatima Humza, Sabika Minhaj, Iqra Salahuddin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
